C++中的Lambda表达式¶

// C++ program to demonstrate lambda expression in C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to print vector
void printVector(vector<int> v)
{
    // lambda expression to print vector
    for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int i)
    {
        std::cout << i << " ";
    });
    cout << endl;
}

int main()
{
    vector<int> v {4, 1, 3, 5, 2, 3, 1, 7};

    printVector(v);

    // below snippet find first number greater than 4
    // find_if searches for an element for which
    // function(third argument) returns true
    vector<int>:: iterator p = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int i)
    {
        return i > 4;
    });
    cout << "First number greater than 4 is : " << *p << endl;


    // function to sort vector, lambda expression is for sorting in
    // non-increasing order Compiler can make out return type as
    // bool, but shown here just for explanation
    sort(v.begin(), v.end(), [](const int& a, const int& b) -> bool
    {
        return a > b;
    });

    printVector(v);

    // function to count numbers greater than or equal to 5
    int count_5 = count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int a)
    {
        return (a >= 5);
    });
    cout << "The number of elements greater than or equal to 5 is : "
         << count_5 << endl;

    // function for removing duplicate element (after sorting all
    // duplicate comes together)
    p = unique(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int a, int b)
    {
        return a == b;
    });

    // resizing vector to make size equal to total different number
    v.resize(distance(v.begin(), p));
    printVector(v);

    // accumulate function accumulate the container on the basis of
    // function provided as third argument
    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    int f = accumulate(arr, arr + 10, 1, [](int i, int j)
    {
        return i * j;
    });

    cout << "Factorial of 10 is : " << f << endl;

    //     We can also access function by storing this into variable
    auto square = [](int i)
    {
        return i * i;
    };

    cout << "Square of 5 is : " << square(5) << endl;
}

// C++ program to demonstrate lambda expression in C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> v1 = {3, 1, 7, 9};
    vector<int> v2 = {10, 2, 7, 16, 9};

    //  access v1 and v2 by reference
    auto pushinto = [&] (int m)
    {
        v1.push_back(m);
        v2.push_back(m);
    };

    // it pushes 20 in both v1 and v2
    pushinto(20);

    // access v1 by copy
    [v1]()
    {
        for (auto p = v1.begin(); p != v1.end(); p++)
        {
            cout << *p << " ";
        }
    };

    int N = 5;

    // below snippet find first number greater than N
    // [N]  denotes,   can access only N by value
    vector<int>:: iterator p = find_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(), [N](int i)
    {
        return i > N;
    });

    cout << "First number greater than 5 is : " << *p << endl;

    // function to count numbers greater than or equal to N
    // [=] denotes,   can access all variable
    int count_N = count_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(), [=](int a)
    {
        return (a >= N);
    });

    cout << "The number of elements greater than or equal to 5 is : "
         << count_N << endl;
}